The assay detected RVFV antigen from culture supernatants containing as little as 7.8-31.3 pfu per 100 mu l Reactivity with various truncated NPs indicated that MAb C10-54 bound only to the full-length NP, probably due to recognition of a conformational epitope, whereas MAbs G2-36 and D5-59 bound to a linear epitope ranging from amino acid residues 195-201 in the C-terminal region. Based on the alignments of the amino acid sequence of RVFV NP, the epitope regions of MAbs G2-36 and D5-59 were completely conserved among all RVFV strains. These results suggest that the MAbs are applicable to the Ag-capture ELISA for the diagnosis of

RVFV infections. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Over the last decade, frequent epidemic outbreaks of hand, foot and mouth disease have been observed in the Asia-Pacific region. Hand, foot and Defactinib mw mouth disease is caused by different viruses P5091 order from the enterovirus family, mainly coxsackievirus A16 and enterovirus 71 (EV71) from the human enterovirus A family. Severe disease and neurological complications are associated more often with EV71 infection, and can lead occasionally to fatal brain stem encephalitis in young children. The rapid progression and high mortality

of severe hand, foot and mouth disease makes the direct detection of antigens early in infection essential. The best method for virus detection is the use of specific 3-deazaneplanocin A ic50 monoclonal antibodies. The generation and characterization of a monoclonal antibody specific for the 3D polymerase of human enterovirus A and the development of a virus detection dot blot assay are described. A recombinant 3CD protein from EV71 C4 strain was used as an immunogen to

generate monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). Screening of hybridoma cells led to the isolation of monoclonal antibody 4812 of the immunoglobulin IgG1 isotype. MAb 4B12 recognizes the linear epitope DFEQALFS close to the active site of the 3D polymerase, corresponding to amino acid positions 53-60 of 3D and 1784-1791 of enterovirus 71 polyprotein. The presence of 3D polymerase and its precursor 3CD proteinase in purified virus particles was confirmed. MAb 4812 was used successfully to detect all enterovirus 71 subgenotypes in a denaturing dot blot assay with a sensitivity of 10 pg of 3D protein and 104 tissue culture infective dose of virus particles. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) has been reported to have antiviral activity against Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and to suppress HBV replication noncytolytically in vivo. Since systemic administration of IFN-gamma may cause severe adverse effects, studies of the effects of liver-specific IFN-gamma expression from adenoviral vectors in vivo have been investigated.