This trend is borne out in a study of the peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genome, where BES-SSRs linked to RGH sequences were helpful in genetic mapping [45]. On another point, the types of repeat motifs found near RGH genes appeared to be similar to those found in non-coding regions of the genome [46]. In both cases dinucleotide repeats were more common than trinucleotide repeats. One might assume, therefore, that the majority of RGH-SSRs reside around R-genes rather than inside them. In common bean, gene-coding regions are known to have a higher abundance of trinucleotide SRT1720 concentration repeats versus other types of repeats [47] and [48]. The fourth achievement of the present study was

the successful genetic mapping of a subset of BMr markers into a genetic map containing previously mapped anchor markers. Notably, all of the RFLP-RGH markers were mapped

to the same locations as predicted in López et al. [34]. Similarly, the RFLP (BNg) and SSR markers were in the same approximate locations as in previous reports for the same population [17] and [49]. The phaseolin locus was mapped with a high LOD score to linkage group B07 in the expected location on the short arm. Finally, the length of the genetic map, approximately 1750 cM in total, is similar to previous estimates for the D × G and many other RIL populations of common bean [16] and [17]. Dominant AFLP and RAPD markers were removed from the genetic map because they caused inflation [17].

Interestingly, the positions of the BMr microsatellites were mostly in clusters in few specific locations of the genome. these The number of BMr markers was variable between linkage LY294002 concentration groups, just as numbers of R-genes and QTL for disease resistance have varied between linkage groups in a compiled map of results from studies in common bean [9]. There was an association of the positions of genes and QTL for disease resistance with the RGH-SSR clusters uncovered in this study with BMr markers. Apart from the previously observed associations between resistance to angular leaf spot and anthracnose with RGH-RFLP probes reported by López et al. [34], there were many further associations with the QTL shown in the map of Miklas et al. [9]. One of our goals in this study was to produce a genetic marker resource that would be useful for genetic mapping and characterizing the R-gene clusters in common bean. In this respect, the present RGH-SSR marker map is better for marker-assisted selection of R-genes than those based on RFLP markers, [34] dominant NBS-profiling markers [48], or RAPD type TRAP markers [50]. This superiority is due to the easy reproducibility and detection of codominant microsatellite markers in the BMr series compared to other technologies. Among the major genes mapped to locations near BMr markers are many of the most important genes useful in common bean breeding for disease resistance. Fig.