Materials and methods: Eighty-six randomly assigned insulin-resistant obese adolescents completed a 16 week

calorie-restricted diet. The experimental diet had a reduced glycemic index designed to evoke a low insulin response (LIR), with carbohydrates and proteins ingested in separate meals. The control diet was a conventional (CD) with similar proportions (60%, 20% and 20%). Variables studied were blood Crenigacestat molecular weight glucose and insulin concentrations after an oral glucose load, body mass index, waist circumference, and insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment, HOMA).

Results: Mean weight [+/-Standard Deviation (SD)] was significantly reduced after the LIR (-0.53+/-0.5) and the CD (-0.54+/-0.4), but a greater decrease of waist circumference (cm) was observed after the LIR (-9.1+/-4.8 vs. -6.6+/-4.6, p=0.02). Fasting insulin concentrations (-17.9+/-27.9 vs. -9.4+/-14.8, p=0.01) and HOMA dropped significantly more after the LIR than after the CD (-3.5+/-4.9SD vs. -2.4+/-1SD, p<0.0001).

Conclusions: The LIR diet reduces serum insulin concentrations and waist circumference more than conventional treatment and appears to be a promising alternative to a conventional diet in insulin-resistant obese adolescents. Longterm follow-up is needed to evaluate the maintenance of weight loss and metabolic parameters.”
“Pitavastatin, selleck chemicals llc a synthetic HMG-CoA

reductase inhibitor, is characterized by a cyclopropyl

moiety that results in several pharmacological differences compared with other statins. These include inhibition of cholesterol synthesis and increased lipoprotein lipase expression at lower AZD0530 doses than other statins, and significant high-density and apolipoprotein Al-elevating activity that persists with time. Pitavastatin has a higher bioavailability (60%) than any other statin and the majority of the bioavailable fraction after oral dosing is excreted unchanged in the bile. The enterohepatic circulation of unchanged pitavastatin contributes to the prolonged duration of action, allowing once-daily, any-time dosing. Pitavastatin undergoes only minor metabolism by CYP2C9 but is not metabolized by CYP3A4. Neither pitavastatin nor its lactone form have inhibitory effects on cytochrome P450, and CYP3A4 inhibitors have no effect on pitavastatin plasma concentrations. Moreover, P-glycoprotein-mediated transport does not play a major role in the disposition of pitavastatin and pitavastatin does not inhibit P-glycoprotein activity. Pitavastatin is transported into the liver by several hepatic transporters, but organic anion-transporting polypeptide I B I inhibitors have relatively little effect on plasma pitavastatin concentrations compared with other statins. With the exception of multitransporter inhibitors, such as ciclosporin, interactions are generally of no clinical significance.