Four patients suffered minor bile leaks after their operations, but they required only percutaneous drainage. The mean time for follow-up was six

months (range 1month to 1 year). No significant complication was noted during that time.\n\nConclusions: We successfully introduced laparoscopic excision of choledochal cyst in our center and have found this to be a safe and effective method. Long-term follow up is awaited. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“BACKGROUNDRobotic assisted prostatic surgery is frequently used because of its reduced side-effects compared with conventional surgery. During surgery, an extreme Trendelenburg position and CO2 pneumoperitoneum are necessary, which may lead to cerebral oedema, can potentially reduce brain perfusion and therefore could impair cerebral oxygenation. Cerebral oxygen saturation can be measured EPZ5676 mouse non-invasively using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).OBJECTIVEThe hypothesis of the present study was that steep Trendelenburg positioning during robotic assisted prostatic surgery

impairs cerebral oxygen saturation measured using two different NIRS monitors.DESIGNClinical observational study.SETTINGPrimary care university hospital, study period from March 2012 to February 2013.PATIENTSA total of 29 patients scheduled for robotic assisted prostatic surgery in a steep Trendelenburg position.INTERVENTIONSCerebral oxygen saturation was measured throughout anaesthesia using the INVOS sensor (a trend monitor using two infrared wavelengths) for one hemisphere selleck chemicals llc and the Semaxanib nmr FORE-SIGHT sensor (a monitor using four wavelengths

of laser light to calculate absolute oxygen saturation) for the other hemisphere in an alternate randomisation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREChanges in cerebral oxygenation of more than 5% during surgery in the Trendelenburg position.RESULTSThe median duration of Trendelenburg positioning was 190 (interquartile range 130 to 230)min. Cerebral oxygen saturation decreased with INVOS from 745% at baseline to a lowest value of 704% with a slope of -0.0129min(-1) (P<0.01) and with FORE-SIGHT from 72 +/- 5% at baseline to a nadir of 70 +/- 3% with a slope of -0.008min(-1) (P<0.01). Comparing INVOS with FORE-SIGHT, there was a good association, with a slope of 0.86 +/- 0.04 (P<0.01).CONCLUSIONBoth monitors showed a clinically irrelevant decrease in cerebral oxygen saturation of less than 5% over 4h in a steep Trendelenburg position combined with CO2 pneumoperitoneum in patients undergoing robotic assisted prostatic surgery. This extreme positioning seems to be acceptable with regard to cerebral oxygenation.TRIAL REGISTRATIONclinicaltrials.gov Identifier: ID NCT01275898.”
“The efficacy and accuracy of computer navigation have been proved during recent years. But most of recent studies focused on the coronal alignment in total knee arthroplasty and less on sagittal alignment.