Chemical and compositional monitoring of the surface was performed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and x-ray induced Auger spectroscopy. The surface morphology, before and after annealing, was imaged by atomic force

microscope at tapping noncontact mode. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3311549]“
“Despite decades of research, the question of how the mRNA splicing machinery precisely identifies short exonic islands within the vast intronic oceans remains to a large extent obscure. In this study, we analyzed Alu exonization events, aiming to understand the requirements for correct selection of exons. Comparison of ERK signaling inhibitor exonizing Alus to their non-exonizing counterparts is informative because Alus in these two groups have retained high sequence similarity but are perceived differently by the splicing machinery. We identified and characterized numerous features used by the splicing machinery to discriminate between Alu exons and their non-exonizing counterparts. Of these, the most novel is secondary structure: Alu exons in general and their 59 splice sites (5′ss) in particular are characterized by decreased stability of local secondary structures with respect to their non-exonizing counterparts. We detected

numerous further differences between Alu exons and their non-exonizing counterparts, among others PXD101 supplier in terms of exon-intron architecture and strength of splicing signals, enhancers, and silencers. Support vector machine analysis revealed that these features allow a high level of discrimination (AUC = 0.91) between exonizing and non-exonizing Alus. Moreover, the computationally derived probabilities of exonization significantly correlated with the biological inclusion level of the Alu exons, and the model could also be extended to general datasets of constitutive and alternative exons. This indicates that the features detected and explored in this study provide the basis not only for precise exon selection but also for the fine-tuned

regulation thereof, screening assay manifested in cases of alternative splicing.”
“Purpose of the research: Intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy is a viable and superior treatment to standard intravenous (IV) chemotherapy in women with small volume residual ovarian cancer following optimal debulking. Despite this clinical advantage, widespread adoption of the treatment regimen has been hampered by concerns related to toxicities and complications. The purpose of this descriptive study was to describe nursing implications related to toxicities, complications and clinical encounters in 17 women with ovarian cancer who received IP chemotherapy.

Methods and sample: Women with ovarian cancer who received IP chemotherapy at one NCI-designated comprehensive cancer center were accrued. Data related to IP chemotherapy summary, clinical encounters and admissions were obtained through comprehensive chart audits.