Biosph. 34 (1–2), 215–224. Ruiz-Mirazo, K. and Mavelli, F. (2008). On the way buy GANT61 towards ‘basic autonomous agents’: stochastic simulations find protocol of minimal lipid-peptide cells. BioSystems 91, 374–387. E-mail: kepa.ruiz-mirazo@ehu.es Structural Perspective for Comparing
Complete Genomes Claudia Sierra, Luis Delaye Microbiology lab, faculty of sciences, UNAM Now that more than 400 complete genomes from the three domains of life (Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya) have been sequenced, it is possible to study genomes as phenotypic units and learn about their structure. A lot of information in this respect has become available, such as G + C, CpG and AT content of the complete genomes. We created a multidimensional method for analyzing
this features, all together, with other structural parameters, like the average of DNA internal angles: H, V, L, I (Quintana indexes, 1992), and the distribution of DNA bases according to their physical and chemical characteristics (Index IDH by Cocho and Miramontes, et al, 1995). In this way it was possible to study the structural organization of genomes, and figure out its evolutionary consequences. We found that the structural organization of DNA in genomes, does not show any important On the other hand, we observed that convergent evolution is predominant AZD5153 nmr in the structural level of genomes. This may suggest that although the range of possibilities in nucleotide organization in the genomes is wide, the multidimensional space in which structural parameters are represented is some how limited for actual forms of life. Pozzi G., Birault V., Werner B., (-)-p-Bromotetramisole Oxalate Dannenmuller O., Nakatani Y., Ourisson G.and Terakawa S., (1996). Single-chain polyprenyl phosphates form “primitive” membranes. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 35: 177–179. E-mail: mesiclau_74 Rooting the Universal Tree of Life Ryan G. Skophammer1, Craig W. Herbold2, Jacqueline A. Servin2, James A. Lake1,2,3 1Dept. of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, UCLA; 2Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, UCLA; 3Dept. of Human Genetics, UCLA Determining which extant
organisms are most closely related to the cenancestral population allows inferences to be made regarding the origin of life and the emergence of major biological metabolic innovations. To this end, we have designed an algorithm to eliminate the root of the universal of tree of life from major taxa: top-down rooting. Conserved protein sequences are aligned with paralogous outgroups and the pattern of indel presence and absence is recorded for each group. If an indel is present, the group is given the state “+”; if it is absent, the group is given the state “–”; if the protein is missing from a group, the group is given the state “m”. Parsimony is applied to the character state changes to determine which trees are least parsimonious. Eliminating these trees allow us to eliminate possible rooted universal trees.